Phonotactics

  • Syllable Onset
    • An onset cannot be empty
    • All consonants allowed in onset
    • Maximum of two consonants in onset
      • First consonant in a consonant cluster cannot be a voiced fricative, voiceless affricative, voiced affricative except for /d͡ʒ/, approximate/glide or /h/
        • Thus, the following consonants are allowed as the first consonant in a cluster:
          • Voiceless: / p, t, k, f, θ, s, ʃ /
          • Voiced: / b, d, g, d͡ʒ, m, n /
      • Second consonant in a consonant cluster is restricted based on the first consonant:
        • Any non-nasal stop or voiceless affricative except /θ/ plus an approximate: / p, t, k, b, d, g, f, s, ʃ / + / l, w, ɹ /
        • /s/ plus any voiceless stop or pre-alveolar fricative: /s/ + / p, t, k, f, θ /
        • / p, k / + / θ, s, ʃ /
        • / m, n, θ / + / w, ɹ /
        • /d͡ʒ/ + /ɹ/
  • Syllable Nucleus
    • Must be a single vowel
  • Syllable Coda
    • Can be empty
    • No /h/ or /w/
    • No voiced consonants except for nasals - Thus, the following consonants are allowed: / p, t, k, t͡s, t͡ʃ, f, θ, s, ʃ, m, n, ŋ, l, ɹ /
    • All obstruents have an audible release at the end of a word

Sound Changes

  • Sound change ahead of vowels
    • Change and move to next syllable (voiceless affricative): /t͡s/ /t.t͡s/, /t͡ʃ/ /t.t͡ʃ/
    • Gemination (other coda-eligible consonants): / p, t, k, θ, f, s, ʃ, m, n, l, ɹ /
  • Sound change ahead of a consonant
    • Change to /t/ (voiceless affricative): / t͡s, t͡ʃ /

Stress

  • Syllable-timed language